Albert J. Kennedy papers
Summary Information
Albert J. Kennedy
papers
1900-1969
Kennedy, Albert J.
(Albert Joseph), 1879-1968
6.3 linear
feet
Language: English
sw0144
The Albert J Kennedy
papers contain Kennedy's research and writing, including his typed manuscript
for Social Settlements in New York City , as well
as published and unpublished articles on arts in the settlements, on early
settlement leaders, and on settlement contributions to race
relations.
University of
Minnesota Libraries. Social Welfare History
Archives
Access and Use
Through the agency of Margaret Berry, executive director of the
National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers, selected papers of
Albert Joseph Kennedy were deposited in the Social Welfare History Archives at
the University of Minnesota in October, 1965. Upon Kennedy's death in 1968,
additional papers, pamphlets, and books were deposited in the Archives by his
wife, Mrs. Shirley Kennedy. An additional three linear feet were give to the
Archives by Mrs Shirley Kennedy in 1982. The materials were transferred from
the New York University Library, where archivists had separated them from the
records of University Settlement (a settlement once headed by Kennedy.)
Open for use in Social Welfare History Archives reading room.
Please contact the Archivist for copyright information.
The Albert J. Kennedy papers were partially processed in 1966.
Additional papers, pamphlets, and books received in 1968 were processed and
integrated with the original collection in July, 1971. The 1982 accession, long
treated as a separate supplementary collection with its own finding aid, was
integrated into a unified Kennedy Papers collection in 2008 and a single
finding aid was prepared for the entire collection.
Arrangement
- Series 1. Correspondence and Papers
- Series 2. Studies
- Series 3. Research Files
- Series 4. "The Settlement Method" [manuscript]
- Series 5. Articles and Speeches
- Series 6. Settlement Organizations
Biographical Note
Albert J. Kennedy was a pioneer in the U. S. settlement movement. He
was associated with settlement work and the National Federation of Settlements
for nearly sixty years. The social settlement was based on the idea that those
who wanted to help the poor would live (“settle”) in the neighborhoods that
they hoped to improve. They endeavored to improve the lives of their working
class, often immigrant, neighbors though social reform, educational programs,
health services, and "friendly example" or “uplift.” Kennedy's numerous studies
of local communities and thoughtful reports on many aspects of settlement work
provide insights into the nature of the settlements' work among their
"neighbors" as well as a conceptual framework for the larger concerns of
settlement workers. Unfortunately, little mention of Kennedy is made in
standard biographical reference tools. The brief biography which follows is
based on information found in the collection itself and an outline compiled by
Mrs. Shirley Kennedy
Born January 20, 1879 in Rosenhayn, New Jersey, Albert Kennedy
received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1901 from the University of Rochester and
graduated from Rochester Theological Seminary in 1904. After serving as a
clergyman for a year in Granite Falls, Minnesota, he attended Harvard
University as a Williams Fellow, 1905-1906, and as a South End House Fellow,
1906-1908. He was granted the degree of Doctor of Sacred Theology from Harvard
Divinity School in 1907.
Kennedy was affiliated with South End House, Boston, as director of
investigations (1908-1914), associate head worker (1914-1926), and head worker
(1926-1928). During this time he also served as assistant secretary of the
National Federation of Settlements (1911-1922), lectured at eastern colleges,
conducted investigations in several areas of settlement work, and published
numerous books and papers.
In 1922, while associate head worker at South End House, Kennedy
became secretary of the National Federation of Settlements, a position he held
until 1934. Throughout his tenure, he continued to conduct agency and community
surveys. Of special interest to Kennedy at this time were music and visual arts
in the settlements. Kennedy left South End House in 1928 to become head worker
at the University Settlement in New York City. He remained there until 1944.
Perhaps one of the most ambitious undertakings of Kennedy's career was
a nationwide interracial study, conducted under the auspices of the National
Federation of Settlements. In the study, which was begun ca. 1945, Kennedy
attempted to "gauge the progress of social, educational, and recreational
opportunities available to African Americans in homogeneous and in interracial
areas and neighborhoods." Correspondence, interviews, printed material, and
questionnaires regarding local interracial programs make this part of the
collection especially valuable.
In the late 1940's and early 1950's, community organization and
research continued to be of interest to Kennedy. Several studies and papers
from this period, including an extensive statistical analysis of cities and
settlements, are contained in the collection.
Collection Scope and Content Note
The Albert J Kennedy papers are a rich source for studying the history
of the U. S. settlement movement, as well as settlement programs and theory.
Kennedy's correspondence and research materials document a wide range of topics
related to settlement work and social reform including, community organization,
arts programs in the settlements, the development of settlements in the U.S.,
the National Federation of Settlements, and settlement administration and
structure.
In particular, the papers reflect Kennedy's penetrating analysis of
the settlement movement through a number of studies that he conducted,
including two large studies: a 1940s "interracial study" by the National
Federation of Settlements Interracial and Intercultural Commission (folders
47-121) and a statistical study of settlements and cities that was conducted
during the 1950s. (folders 125-139). Neither of these two studies was completed
to the point of preparing a final report, but the working papers and rough
draft offer a unique analysis of important aspects of the U.S. settlement
movement. Other studies documented in the files are: a New York settlements
study (1920s), a study of relief during the Great Depression (1930-1934), a
study of the Little Italy neighborhood in New York City (circa 1936), a
California settlements study (1947), and a study of the J. C. Neighborhood in
Evansville, Indiana (1950s).
Kennedy's papers also contain his research and writing, including his
500-page typescript of "The Settlement Method, as revealed by an examination of
the activities, influence, and accomplishments in New York City," as well as
published and unpublished articles on arts in the settlements, early settlement
leaders, and settlement contributions to race relations. In addition to formal
writings, there are research files on subjects and individuals (particularly
early settlement leaders) containing notes and drafts of articles by Albert
Kennedy. Finally, the papers include files (circa 1900-1945) reflecting
Kennedy's involvement with the National Federation of Settlements, the
Association of Neighborhood Workers (forerunner to the United Neighborhood
Houses of New York City), and University Settlement.
Red pencilled comments by Margaret Berry or her staff are found
throughout the Kennedy papers. These briefly describe the contents of selected
folders.
Related Material
Researchers who are interested in additional material on the U. S.
Settlement movement and Kennedy's involvement in the settlements should consult
the
National Federation of
Settlements and Neighborhood Centers records in the Social Welfare
History Archives. Additional information on Albert J. Kennedy is also available
in the following collections:
Paul
U. Kellogg papers,
Helen
Hall papers,
United
South End Settlements records, and
United
Neighborhood Houses of New York records.
Unpublished inventory available. Please contact Archives for more
information.
Subject Terms
- This collection is indexed under the following headings in the catalog
of the University of Minnesota Libraries. Researchers desiring materials about
related topics, persons or places should search the catalog using these
headings.
- Kennedy,
Albert J. (Albert Joseph), 1879-1968.
- Kennedy,
Albert J. (Albert Joseph), 1879-1968--Archives.
- Race discrimination--United
States--History--Sources.
- Social settlements--United
States--History--Sources.
Contents List
| Location |
Title |
| |
Series 1. Correspondence and Papers 1900-1968
Note Series 1. contains correspondence as well as drafts, articles, and
papers relating to settlement history and activities. The materials are a rich
for tracing the early history of the U.S. settlement movement and understanding
settlement methodology and programs. Correspondents in Series 1 include
significant figures in American social reform during the first part of the
twentieth century.
Sections of Kennedy's correspondence and papers in Series 1
overlap with materials in Series 5 and 6.
|
|
Box 1 |
Biographical Material 1960’s Box 1, Folder 1
Note Partial chronology and bibliography compiled by Mrs. Shirley
Kennedy, circa 1969. Notes based on Kennedy’s jottings in the early 1960’s as
he recalled the work of the National Federation of Settlements. Robert A. Woods
is mentioned.
|
| |
Community Organization 1924-1962 Box 1, Folder 2
Note Material re city planning, local community organization, and the
function of community organizing agencies during the Great Depression.
|
| |
Community Organization: Concepts and
Definitions 1940’s Box 1, Folder 3
Note Kennedy’s attempts to formulate working definitions of terms
such as "metropolis," "district," "city," and "neighborhood" (which he
abbreviates "nd").
|
| |
Community Organization: Settlement Method undated Box 1, Folder 4 to 5
Note Preliminary drafts and typed copy of a lengthy memorandum re
geographical considerations in settlement method and program. Includes sections
on history of the local community study, "age blocs," ethnic and cultural
groups, "economic blocs," housing, the family, institutions, education, health
care, religion, and associations. Folder 4 includes information on Jane Addams,
John Lovejoy Elliott, Robert A. Woods, and Stanton Coit.
|
| |
Community Organization: Settlement Method circa 1935 Box 1, Folder 6
Note First chapter of what appears to be a long paper on settlement
accomplishments and methods. Nine aspects of the settlement method used by
community organizers are discussed in this chapter. Includes information on
Jane Addams.
|
| |
Depression: Unemployment, Relief, Old Age
Security 1930-1939 Box 1, Folder 7 to 8
Note Minutes, reports, clippings, and correspondence re attempts of
various local, national, and governmental agencies to deal with social problems
created by the Great Depression. The bulk of the material concerns the
activities of the National Federation of Settlements, United Neighborhood
Houses of New York, and local settlement houses. Topics include health care,
public relief, and education. John Lovejoy Elliott, Helen M Harris, Lillie M.
Peck, Mary Simkhovitch, Lillian Wald, Gaylord S. White, and Helen Hall also
appear.
|
| |
Settlements 1900-1968 Box 1, Folder 9 to 10
Note Biographical material and correspondence re: Jane Addams,
Charles Cooper, William Davenport, John Lovejoy Elliott, Helen Hall, Stanley
Isaacs, Florence Kelley, Paul Kellogg, Lillie Peck, Mary Simkhovitch, Graham
Taylor, Lea D. Taylor, Gaylord S. White, Stanton Coit, John McDowell, and
Robert A. Woods. Also included are Kennedy’s review of The Neighborhood in National Building by Robert Woods
and an article written by Kennedy in 1929 for the Social
Work Year Book on settlement history and programs.
|
|
Box 2 |
Settlements: The Arts in the Settlements 1923-1951 Box 2, Folder 11
Note Material on dramatics, exhibitions of art and handicrafts made
in the settlements, music education during the Great Depression, a training
course in arts and crafts for settlement workers, and programs sponsored by
local settlement houses. Also includes a radio address by Kennedy on the visual
arts in New York settlements, a 1931 statement of the purposes and
accomplishments of the Music Division of the National Federation of
Settlements, a paper entitled "The Arts as Junctions of Local Community Life,"
and notes on art in the settlements made by Kennedy in the early 1940’s and
later transcribed by Mrs. Shirley Kennedy. Includes information on Stanley
Isaacs.
|
| |
Settlements: The Arts in the Settlements 1952-1959 Box 2, Folder 12
Note Includes correspondence regarding the establishment of a
National Federation of Settlements arts committee and the committee’s
communications with local houses requesting information on programs in the
arts. Also includes two papers by Kennedy on art in the settlements and notes
for a paper dealing with such topics as the individual and the arts, NFS art
programs, education, and religion and the arts. Helen Hall, Lillie M. Peck and
Helen M. Harris also appear.
|
| |
Settlements: The Content of the Settlement
Report undated Box 2, Folder 13
Note Contains what appears to be outlines and notes for a paper
entitled "The Content of the Settlement Report." In the first section of the
paper, Kennedy discusses the effects of the massing of people in city areas and
settlement attempts to address this issue. Topics include poverty, labor
legislation, consumer problems, labor unions, housing, playgrounds, city
planning, unemployment, and education. The pages of the outlines and notes are
arranged consecutively wherever the order could be determined. At the back of
the folder are notes which could not be placed in order.
|
| |
Settlements: Development to 1930 circa 1930 Box 2, Folder 14 to 15
Note Correspondence and an extensive report on the development of
settlement programs to 1930. Among the topics mentioned are local community
studies, settlement residents, volunteers, settlement influence on business and
the professions, the economic order, unemployment, health, research, fine arts,
summer programs, education, housing, public recreational facilities, local
associations for civic improvement, physical exercise, population, government,
politics, settlement music schools, aging, the Great Depression, city planning,
the National Federation of Settlements and United Neighborhood Houses of New
York. Jane Addams, John Lovejoy Elliott, Helen Hall, Florence Kelley, Lillie M.
Peck, Jane Robbins, Mary Simkhovitch, Lillian Wald, Gaylord S. White, and
Stanton Coit also appear.
|
|
Box 3 |
Settlements: Immigration 1947? Box 3, Folder 16
Note Comments re the influence of immigrant religious and ethnic
groups on the origins and development of the settlements. Also included are
notes on ethnic and religious neighborhoods.
|
| |
Settlements: Settlements and the
Neighborhood 1923-post 1940 Box 3, Folder 17
Note Three papers and an article by Kennedy attempting to define
"neighborhood" and related concepts. He is concerned with the settlements’
relationship to the neighborhood and the neighborhood as a field of settlement
research. Two of the papers include material on the history of the settlements.
Topics include housing, religious groups, settlement music schools, and
immigrants. Jane Addams, Sidney Hillman, Robert A. Woods and Stanton Coit also
appear.
|
| |
Settlements: Types of Settlements 1930’s Box 3, Folder 18
Note Two papers, apparently part of an early 1930s study that
classified settlements by date of establishment, religious affiliation,
specialty, continuity of leadership, and affiliation with city and national
associations of settlements. The study found that settlements were of two main
types: the "open" settlements that had programs "committed to no dogma,
religious, political, or economic," and the "closed" types that functioned
under the auspices of religious, racial, or other agencies. Further
observations based on the collected data were also made. Jane Addams and Robert
A. Woods also appear.
|
| |
Settlement Federations 1944 Box 3, Folder 19
Note Preliminary and revised copies of a paper entitled "The How and
Why of Settlement Federations." The paper deals with the role of individual
settlement houses, city federations of settlements, and the National Federation
of Settlements in attacking social problems at local, state, and national
levels. Jane Addams and Lillian Wald also appear.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 50th
Anniversary 1934 Box 3, Folder 20
Note Material re a Christmas Eve radio broadcast in the United States
commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the founding of the first settlement,
Toynbee Hall in London. Jane Addams, Helen Hall, Lillian Wald, and Stanton Coit
also appear.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 50th
Anniversary 1936 Box 3, Folder 21
Note Correspondence addressed to Kennedy regarding the 50th
anniversary celebration of the founding of Neighborhood Guild (University
Settlement) in New York, which marked the beginning of the settlement movement
in the United States. Included are letters from Franklin D. Roosevelt, Graham
Taylor, John Dewey, Gifford Pinchot, Lillian Wald, Frances Perkins, and others.
Other prominent figures who appear are Charles A. Beard, Louis Brandeis,
Fiorello LaGuardia, Newton D. Baker, Nicholas Murray Butler, Stanton Coit, Jane
Robbins, Vida Scudder, Lea D. Taylor, Lillian Wald, and Emily Balch.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 50th
Anniversary 1936 Box 3, Folder 22
Note Preliminary written and typed drafts of a paper entitled
"Settlements and Cities" which Kennedy wrote for the 50th anniversary of the
settlement movement in the United States. In the paper, Kennedy gives an
historical account of the development of the settlement report as a method for
promoting social action and emphasizes the need for community planning at the
district level in large cities. Two speeches Kennedy delivered in conjunction
with the anniversary are also included. In them, Kennedy discussed the
significance of the settlement as a national movement and the development,
purpose, validity, and contributions of the settlement method. Mentioned in
both speeches are the accomplishments of early settlement workers, including
Samuel A. Barnett, Stanton Coit, Jane Addams, and Robert A. Woods. Mary
Simkhovitch also appears.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 50th
Anniversary 1936 Box 3, Folder 23
Note Addresses by Mary Simkhovitch, John Lovejoy Elliott, and
Frederick Soule paying tribute to the founders of the settlement movement,
including Jane Addams and Stanton Coit. Mary McDowell, Gaylord S. White, Robert
A. Woods, and Mary Simkhovitch also appear.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 50th
Anniversary 1936 Box 3, Folder 24
Note An announcement of the meetings to be held in celebration of the
settlement movement’s 50th anniversary and newspaper clippings describing the
event. Stanton Coit, Graham Taylor, and Jane Robbins also appear.
|
| |
Settlement Movement (United States): 60th
Anniversary 1946 Box 3, Folder 25
Note Three short papers prepared by the Research Section of the
National Federation of Settlements in connection with the 60th anniversary of
the settlement movement. The following aspects of local community organization
are discussed in the papers: city structure, the responsibilities of
settlements in large cities, and types of local improvement associations and
councils found in metropolitan areas served by settlements. The folder also
contains a longer paper by Kennedy on the use of local surveys by settlements
and neighborhood structure and institutions. Other topics include immigrants,
religious groups, and housing. Stanton Coit and Robert A. Woods also
appear.
|
| |
American Statistical Association: Annual
Meeting 1954 Box 3, Folder 26
Note Several typed revisions and abstracts of a paper Kennedy
presented as part of a panel discussion at a meeting of the American
Statistical Association in Montreal. "Needed Improvements in the United States
Census From the Standpoint of Users" was the topic of the discussion. Other
topics include immigrants, religious groups, and housing.
|
| |
American Statistical Association: Annual
Meeting 1954 Box 3, Folder 27 to 28
Note Parts of a handwritten draft, unordered notes, and statistics
which appear to be related to Kennedy’s paper.
|
|
Box 4 |
American Statistical Association: Annual
Meeting 1954 Box 4, Folder 29
Note Conference program and papers written by the other members of
Kennedy’s panel.
|
| |
Community Service Society of New York: One Hundredth
Anniversary 1948 Box 4, Folder 30
Note Copies of the conference program, which was centered around the
theme, "The Family in Tomorrow’s World," and Kennedy’s notes on the
sessions.
|
| |
National Conference of Social Work 1953 Box 4, Folder 31
Note Handwritten outlines, drafts, notes, and part of a typed draft
of a speech entitled "The Settlement Heritage," which Kennedy delivered at the
National Conference of Social Work. The notes are in sequence where possible
and grouped by subject when the order could not be determined. Jane Addams,
Jane Robbins, Mary Simkhovitch, Lillian Wald, Robert A. Woods, and Stanton Coit
also appear.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements 1916-1958 Box 4, Folder 32
Note Includes material re the research activities of the NFS staff;
an institute for the orientation of new personnel; and the presentation of the
Outstanding Achievement Award to Helen Hall. Mary Simkhovitch, John McDowell,
Lillie M. Peck, and Lea D. Taylor also appear.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements: 33rd Annual
Conference 1947 Box 4, Folder 33 to 34
Note NFS conference programs and an extensive report by Kennedy
summarizing conference discussions on the theme "A Plan of Action for
Settlements." The report is an excellent source of material on settlement
history, purpose, organization, methods, education, and program. Other topics
include immigrants, public relief, recreation, settlement music schools, and
housing. Robert A. Woods also appears.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements: Appeals for
Funds 1931 Box 4, Folder 35
Note Correspondence and two drafts of an appeal to the Buhl
Foundation. The first draft was written by Kennedy and sent to Lea D. Taylor,
who suggested some changes. The second draft is Lea Taylor’s revision, with
additions made by Paul Kellogg. The appeal gives an appraisal of settlement
accomplishments and future needs. Includes information on aging. Ellen
Coolidge, Lillian Wald, Robert A. Woods, and Mary Simkhovitch also appear.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements: Appeals for
Funds circa 1943-1944 Box 4, Folder 36 to 37
Note Material regarding an appeal to the Buhl Foundation for funds to
expand the settlement program. Included is an extensive report entitled "The
Settlement Movement: A National Picture" that traces the development of
settlement work in areas such as income, food, housing, safety, morals,
recreation, education, health care, immigrants, religion, settlement music
schools, and fine arts. Jane Addams and Robert A. Woods also appear.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements: Appeals for
Funds 1944 Box 4, Folder 38
Note Preliminary statement that was to be sent to head workers and
city federation officers for their comments in order to secure wide settlement
support for the funding appeal. The statement is statistical, giving data on
national distribution of settlements. Jane Addams is mentioned.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements: Appeals for
Funds 1951 Box 4, Folder 39
Note Grant application (probably made to the Buhl Foundation) for the
purpose of publicizing the principles and achievements of settlement work and
demonstrating the value of Federation services.
|
|
Box 5 |
National Federation of Settlements: Appeals for
Funds circa 1953 Box 5, Folder 40
Note Material that was apparently used for anniversaries and appeals.
Included are two appeals to the Russell Sage Foundation for funds to enable the
settlements to appraise their services; an outline of a proposed study of the
300 member houses of NFS; several tables which appear to be part of Kennedy’s
study of the Chicago settlements; and a listing of the major cities in the
United States according to population and economic base.
|
| |
United Neighborhood Houses 1928-1947 Box 5, Folder 41
Note Committee reports, membership lists, and material regarding a
visual arts show and selection of an executive secretary. Stanley Isaacs and
Harold L. Lurie also appear.
|
| |
Social Work Course post 1947 Box 5, Folder 42
Note Syllabus of a course taught by Kennedy at City College of New
York.
|
| |
Series 2. Studies 1912-1962
Note Settlements often employed the surveys and studies to collect
information that would help plan and advance reforms. Series 2 contains records
from studies of New York City settlements, race relations, urban demographics
and structure, and unemployment relief during the Great Depression as well as
several regional or neighborhood studies.
|
| |
Series 2.1 New York Settlements Study
Note In 1927, at the request of United Neighborhood Houses of New
York, the Welfare Council of New York began a study of the activities,
policies, and administration of 80 settlements in New York City. Kathryn Farra
and Albert Kennedy were named co-directors of the study, which published in
1935 under the title Social Settlements in New York
City . A lengthy related analysis written by Kennedy, entitled "The
Settlement Method," is held separately as Series 4 (boxes 14-15).
|
|
Box 5 |
New York Settlements Study 1927-1933 Box 5, Folder 43
Note Data collected in conjunction with the study and several typed
reports based on study findings.
|
| |
New York Settlements Study 1927-1933 Box 5, Folder 44
Note Published study reports on visual arts, boys’ athletics,
preschool education, and clubs for children and women in New York
settlements.
|
| |
Series 2.2 Interracial Study
Note Actual collection of data for the interracial study did not
begin until ca. 1945, but projects and conferences in race relations taking
place as early as 1941 apparently influenced Kennedy’s decision to conduct the
study. Records related to the study include preliminary papers (folders 47-54);
material collected during the study proper (folders 55-118); general
correspondence and papers (folder 55); information on state and local services
arranged alphabetically by state (folders 56-106); material on national
services (folders 107-114); U. S. government information (folder 115); topical
resources (folders 116-117); newspaper clippings on race relations (folder
118); and the findings of the study (folders 119-121). Topics include race
relations, migration, community efforts to resolve race problems, economic
issues, programs and services for African Americans, resettlement, and race
riots in American history.
|
|
Box 6 |
Interracial Study: National Federation of Settlements
Interracial and Intercultural Commission 1941-1945 Box 6, Folder 47-48
Note Correspondence, notes, transcriptions of meetings, and field
trip reports by chairman John McDowell. Albert Kennedy was not a member of the
commission, but, according to Margaret Berry, it was through the commission’s
work that Kennedy saw the need for a comprehensive interracial study. Lillie M.
Peck also appears.
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Federation of Settlements
Interracial and Intercultural Commission 1941-1945 Box 6, Folder 49-50
Note Correspondence, notes, transcriptions of meetings, and field
trip reports by chairman John McDowell. Albert Kennedy was not a member of the
commission, but, according to Margaret Berry, it was through the commission’s
work that Kennedy saw the need for a comprehensive interracial study. Lillie M.
Peck also appears.
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Federation of Settlements
Thirtieth Conference 1942 Box 6, Folder 51
Note Transcription of conference sessions on methods of work in the
area of interracial and inter-cultural relations. Several of the participants
in the sessions are members of the NFS interracial and inter-cultural
commission.
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Federation of Settlements
Thirty-first Conference 1944 Box 6, Folder 52
Note Notes for a speech on the interracial program of Karamu House,
Cleveland. Mary Simkhovitch also appears.
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Urban League Community
Relations Project, Minutes 1944-1947 Box 6, Folder 53 to 54
Note During 1944 a project in interracial social planning was
initiated by the National Urban League for the purpose of relieving racial
tensions brought about by the wartime migration of African Americans to
industrial centers and to promote full social and economic participation by
African Americans in the postwar period. A project advisory committee comprised
of representatives of national welfare agencies was established to initiate
studies of racial problems in local areas and to work in cooperation with
leaders at the community level toward solution of these problems. Albert
Kennedy served on the committee as a representative of the National Federation
of Settlements.
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Urban League Community
Relations Project, Correspondence and Papers. 1945-1947 Box 6, Folder 55
Note Notes and memoranda re the project advisory committee, a brief
summary of project accomplishments during the years 1944-1947, and an extensive
project study of the economic and cultural activities of the African American
population in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Includes correspondence regarding
Susan Parrish Wharton and Richard White.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Correspondence and
Papers 1945-1946 Box 6, Folder 56-60
Note Includes correspondence regarding Celia Parker Wooley and
other individuals noted for their work with African Americans. Of special
interest is a letter by Kennedy explaining the purpose of the interracial study
and some of its findings as of July, 1946.
|
|
Box 7 |
Interracial Study: State and Local
Information 1912-1949 Box 7, Folder 61 to 78
Note Correspondence, interviews, questionnaires, and printed
material regarding state and local programs and services for African Americans.
Most of the material was collected by Kennedy during 1945 and 1946.
|
|
Box 8 |
Interracial Study: State and Local
Information 1912-1950 Box 8, Folder 79 to 89
|
|
Box 9 |
Interracial Study: State and Local
Information 1912-1951 Box 9, Folder 90 to 104
|
|
Box 10 |
Interracial Study: State and Local
Information 1912-1952 Box 10, Folder 105 to 106
|
| |
Interracial Study: National Organizations 1935-1947 Box 10, Folder 107 to 114
Note Correspondence, notes, and printed material concerning
programs and services for African Americans sponsored by national
organizations, including the National Urban League. Information on W.E.B.
DuBois appears in folder 11.
|
| |
Interracial Study: United States
Government 1945-1946 Box 10, Folder 115
Note Includes correspondence regarding the Farm Security
Administration and several Administration publications on resettlement projects
in the South. Also includes material concerning New Farmers of America, an
organization for African American boys studying vocational agriculture in the
public schools. Lillie M. Peck also appears in folders 112-113.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Public Housing 1942-1946 Box 10, Folder 116
Note Correspondence, notes, and printed material on public housing.
Included is a statement on joint occupancy written by the 1944 Conference of
Racial Relations Advisors.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Riots 1944-1945 Box 10, Folder 117
Note Chronological listing and brief description of major racial
disturbances in the United States, 1834-1943.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Clippings 1945-1947 Box 10, Folder 118
Note Miscellaneous newspaper articles on race relations.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Tabular Material circa 1946 Box 10, Folder 118a
|
| |
Interracial Study: Analysis of Data circa 1947 Box 10, Folder 119
Note Notes in which Kennedy attempts to analyze some of the
findings of the interracial study. Other topics include immigrants, religion
and housing.
|
| |
Interracial Study: Chronology circa 1945 Box 10, Folder 120
Note Chronology tracing the development of interracial programs and
practices in national welfare organizations, 1846-1945.
|
|
Box 11 |
Interracial Study: Settlement Contributions in Race
Relations circa 1943-1962 Box 11, Folder 121
Note Drafts of a paper (or papers) written in conjunction with the
interracial study giving an historical account of changes in race relations and
settlement contributions in this field. Jane Addams, Mary McDowell, Lillian
Wald, Robert A. Woods, and John Lovejoy Elliott also appear.
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| |
Series 2.3 Statistical Study of Settlements and
Cities
Note In 1953, Kennedy began a statistical study, based on the 1950
census, that covered the following areas: (1) Origin, sponsors, purpose, and
program of settlement and other community agencies in Chicago; (2) Settlements
and city structure in Detroit, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia; (3)
Classification of U.S. cities by region, area, population, economic base, etc.
Correlation of this data with factors such as housing, income, and size of the
immigrant population; (4) Data on "Class A" and "Class B" cities (New York,
Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Detroit); (5) Values and program of Chicago
settlements as related to neighborhood structure and needs.
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Box 11 |
Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Classification system 1953 Box 11, Folder 125
Note Material explaining the city classification system and symbols
used in the study and a 1949 list of National Federation of Settlements member
houses.
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| |
Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Findings circa 1953 Box 11, Folder 126 to 128
Note Tables based on data collected in the study and a short
explanatory paper . The tables have been arranged as closely as possible to the
order that they appear in the paper. The numbering system Kennedy uses in the
paper when referring to the tables does not correspond, however, in all
instances to the numbering on the tables themselves.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Findings circa 1953 Box 11, Folder 129
Note Tables constructed in conjunction with the study, but not
mentioned in the explanatory paper.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Chicago circa 1953 Box 11, Folder 130
Note Notes re Chicago settlements and city structures.
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Box 12 |
Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Cities circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 131
Note Maps, notes, and preliminary tables classifying cities by
population and area.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities: "Class A"
and "Class B" Cities circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 132
Note Kennedy grouped cities according to population and assigned a
letter to each class. New York was designated a "Class A" city; Chicago,
Philadelphia, Detroit, and Los Angeles, as "Class B" cities. This folder
contains material regarding an investigation of these five cities.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Crime circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 133
Note Several tables relating incidence and type of crime to age of
the offender and national region.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities: District,
Zone, Neighborhood circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 134 to 135
Note Notes re district, zone, and neighborhood structure within
cities.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Regions circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 136
Note Notes re the classification of U.S. cities by national
region.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Settlements circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 137
Note Material on settlements and the National Federation of
Settlements.
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| |
Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Ledger, ca. 1953 Box 12, Folder 138
Note Ledger categorizing National Federation of Settlements member
houses according to region, population, sponsor, purpose, and date of
founding.
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Statistical Study of Settlements and Cities:
Miscellaneous circa 1953 Box 12, Folder 139
Note Includes notes, material on "quantitative norms," U.S.
population statistics, and minutes of a research committee meeting.
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Series 2.4 Other Studies |
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Box 5 |
Great Depression Relief Study 1930-1934 Box 5, Folder 45
Note Material regarding an NFS study of New York settlements’
participation in Great Depression-era public relief measures.
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Box 6 |
"Little Italy" Study 1956? Box 6, Folder 46
Note A study of the Mulberry sub-district of New York’s lower East
Side ("Little Italy"). The purpose of the study was "to assist in planning for
better use of existing recreational facilities and to indicate needed direction
of fresh effort."
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Box 11 |
California Settlements Study circa 1947 Box 11, Folder 122
Note Charts classifying California settlements according to date of
establishment, sponsor, and primary focus.
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| |
J. C. Neighborhood Study (Evansville,
Indiana) early 1950’s Box 11, Folder 123 to 124
Note A study of the area served by the J. C. Neighborhood House for
the purpose of providing facts about neighborhood structure and resources. Of
special interest are the many definitions of terms used in community
organization and a delineation of the stages of neighborhood development.
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Series 3. Research Files
Note Albert Kennedy conducted extensive research on settlement theory,
city planning and urban conditions. His research files contained in Series 3
document these and other issues affecting life in U.S. cities. The series also
includes research files on individual social reform and settlement leaders as
well as a small set of subject files.
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Box 12 |
Notes: City Federations of Settlements undated Box 12, Folder 140
Note Miscellaneous material re the function of city federations.
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Box 13 |
Notes: Concepts and Definitions undated Box 13, Folder 141 to 143
Note Kennedy’s definitions of concepts such as neighborhood,
association, domiciliary cluster, district, and community.
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Notes: Housing undated Box 13, Folder 144
Note Notes re "mass" housing.
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Notes: Local Area Study undated Box 13, Folder 145
Note Study techniques, settlement function, neighborhood, urbanism,
the family, and culture are among the topics discussed.
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Notes: Madison House Presentation undated Box 13, Folder 146
Note General outline of an address on settlement aims, city and
community planning, urbanism, and ethnic group relations.
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Notes: Settlements and the Cities undated Box 13, Folder 147 to 149
Note Notes on urbanism, city planning, studies of city structure,
settlement purpose, the family, housing, and the settlement report.
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Newspaper Clippings 1951-1951 Box 13, Folder 150
Note Clippings on such topics as Gandhi’s 1931 visit to London, urban
congestion, population growth, housing, and drug addiction.
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Photograph: Early Settlement Leaders Box 13, Folder
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Files on Individuals |
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Box 16 |
Addams, Jane Box 16, Folder 169
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| |
Hewitt, Abraham Box 16, Folder 170
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| |
Hunter, Robert Box 16, Folder 171
|
| |
King, Edward Box 16, Folder 172
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Low, Seth [as mayor] Box 16, Folder 173
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Low, Seth [as mayor] Folder 2 Box 16, Folder 174
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Box 17 |
Macy, V Everit Box 17, Folder 175
|
| |
Moskowitz, Belle Box 17, Folder 176
|
| |
Paulding, J. K. Box 17, Folder 177
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| |
Phelps-Stokes, J G Box 17, Folder 178
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Pinchot, Amos Box 17, Folder 179
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| |
Robbins, Jane Box 17, Folder 180
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| |
Roosevelt, Theodore Box 17, Folder 181
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Scudder, Vida Box 17, Folder 182
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| |
Stoiber, Louis Box 17, Folder 183
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| |
Wald, Lillian Box 17, Folder 184
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| |
Waring, Col. George E. Box 17, Folder 185
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Wood, Robert A Box 17, Folder 186
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Residents studies Box 17, Folder 187
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Topic Files |
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Box 17 |
Coal Strike, 1902 Box 17, Folder 188
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| |
Commons Survey of
Settlements 1897 Box 17, Folder 194
|
| |
Education Box 17, Folder 189
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| |
Federation of East Side Workers (New York)
Box 17, Folder 190
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Labor Box 17, Folder 191
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National Civic Federation Box 17, Folder 192
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Russian Revolution (1905) Box 17, Folder 193
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Series 4. "The Settlement Method" [typescript] 1930s
Note Series 4 is the typed manuscript for "The Settlement Method as
Revealed by an Examination of the Activities, Influence, and Accomplishment in
New York City." This never-published 540-page document, written by Kennedy,
appears to have grown out of the New York Settlements study (see series 2.1,
box 5), covering some of the same topics but written in a different style. The
series also contains related tables and two folders of substantive letters
written to Kennedy about the role and influence of the settlements.
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Box 14 |
Neva Deardorff's introduction Box 14, Folder 151
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Chapter 1, Purpose and Method Box 14, Folder 152
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Chapter 2, Types of Settlements and Religious
Houses Box 14, Folder 152
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| |
Chapter 3, Geography Box 14, Folder 152
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| |
Chapter 4, Population Box 14, Folder 152
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| |
Chapter 5, On Knowing the Local Community Box 14, Folder 152
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Appendix Box 14, Folder 152
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| |
Chapter 6, Participation in Government Box 14, Folder 153
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Chapter 7, Local Associations for Civic and Social
Improvement Box 14, Folder 153
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| |
Chapter 8, Physical Cleanliness Box 14, Folder 153
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| |
Chapter 9, The Moral Order Box 14, Folder 153
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| |
Chapter 10, Nursing, Medicine, and Health
Education Box 14, Folder 153
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| |
Chapter 11, Physical Play - Outdoor and Indoor Physical
Exercise; Playgrounds, Baths, Gymnasiums Box 14, Folder 153
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| |
Chapter 12, Intellectual Interests, Reading,
Entertainment, and Social Contacts Box 14, Folder 154
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| |
Chapter 13, Clearing the Ground for the Educational
Process Box 14, Folder 154
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| |
Chapter 14, The Economic Order Box 14, Folder 154
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| |
Chapter 15, Housing and Area Planning Box 14, Folder 154
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| |
Chapter 16, The Arts as Function of Local Community
Life Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 17, Association Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 18, Physical Exercise Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 19, Literature and Life Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 20, Visual Arts Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 21, Music Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 22, Dramatics Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 23, Dancing Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 24, Homemaking Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Chapter 25, Summer Box 14, Folder 155
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| |
Tables and charts Box 14, Folder 156 to 158
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Box 15 |
Related correspondence Box 15, Folder 160
Note Typed copies of letters received
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| |
Originals: Aisenbury - Klein Box 15, Folder 161
Note Substantive letters about the value and role of settlements.
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| |
Originals: Klein - Zifdrak Box 15, Folder 162
Note Substantive letters about the value and role of settlements.
|
| |
Series 5. Articles and Speeches 1930s-1960s
Note Series 5 contains published and unpublished articles on the
settlement history, early settlement leaders, and specific topics, such as arts
programs, settlement influences on race relations, and saloons. Materials in
Series 5 overlap with Kennedy's writings in Series 1.
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Box 15 |
Canon Barnett Box 15, Folder 163
|
| |
"Seed Bearers: Their Transition from England to the
U.S., 1886-1891" Box 15, Folder 164
Note Pioneer settlement leaders
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| |
Writings on Art Box 15, Folder 165
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| |
"Negro Study" Box 15, Folder 166
Note "Settlement Contributions to the understanding and improvement
of White-Negro relations in Northern Cities"
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Box 16 |
"The District as a Unit for Community Organization"
1927 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"Statement by Study Committee Evaluating Social
Settlements in NYC" 1931 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"Saloons: Retrospect-Prospect" 1933 Box 16, Folder 167
Note Article published in Survey
Graphic
|
| |
Notes and Remarks 1936 Box 16, Folder 167
Note Evening Meeting December 4th, 1936
|
| |
"Resolution on the Development of Federal WPA Cultural
and Educational Projects Into a Federal Department of Cultural Education
Work…" 1936 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"Stanton Coit and the Settlement Movement" Box 16, Folder 167
Note Article in the Standard
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| |
"Why and How of the Settlement Federations" 1945 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"The Arts as Functions of Local Community
Life" 1933 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"Introduction to Mr. Kent of Metropolitan Museum of
Art…" 1933 Box 16, Folder 167
Note At Visual Arts Show; United Neighborhood Houses
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| |
Article 1933 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
Statement read at United Neighborhood Houses
meeting 1932 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"After Subsistence - What?" for Joint Education
Program 1932 Box 16, Folder 167
|
| |
"Introduction" 50th Anniversary of University
Settlement 1936 Box 16, Folder 168
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| |
"Settlement Shows the Way" 50th Anniversary of
University Settlement 1936 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
"Settlements and Cities" 1936 Box 16, Folder 168
Note Article in the "Settlement Report, 50th Anniversary of
University Settlement."
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| |
"Studies of Some Spatial Aspects of Local Community
Planning and Organization Based on Six Decades of Local Community Planning and
Organization Based on Six Decades of Settlement Experience" NFS 60th
Anniversary 1946 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
Address, National Federation of Settlements, General
Session, Cleveland 1953 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
"A Statement Concerning Settlement Purposes and
Practices" National Federation of Settlements 1948 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
"Neighborhood Surveys" 1947 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
"Neighborhood Improvement" 1954 Box 16, Folder 168
|
| |
Series 6. Settlement Organizations 1900-1945
Note Series 6 documents Kennedy's involvement with several settlement
organizations: The National Federation of Settlements, Association of
Neighborhood Workers (predecessor to the United Neighborhood Houses of New
York), and University Settlement in New York.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood
Centers
Note Additional information on Kennedy's involvement in the National
Federation of Settlements is located in Series 1.
|
|
Box 18 |
National Federation of Settlements 1931-1944 Box 18, Folder 195
Note Includes information on the basis for the 1931 financial
appeals.
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements and
Neighborhoods 1949 Box 18, Folder 196
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements and
Neighborhoods 1953 Box 18, Folder 197
|
| |
National Federation of Settlements and
Neighborhoods 1962 Box 18, Folder 198
|
|
Box 19 |
The Commons Index,
Volumes I-X, 1896-1905 1964 Box 19, Folder 215
Note Published by NFS Training Center.
|
| |
Association of Neighborhood Workers (New York
City)
Note Predecessor of United Neighborhood Houses of New York, Inc.
|
|
Box 18 |
Association of Neighborhood Workers 1903 Box 18, Folder 199
|
| |
Association of Neighborhood Workers 1908-1915 Box 18, Folder 200
|
| |
Association of Neighborhood Workers, Legislative
Committee 1916-1917 Box 18, Folder 201
|
| |
Association of Neighborhood Workers, Legislative
Committee 1916-1917 Box 18, Folder 202
|
| |
Association of Neighborhood Workers, Legislative
Committee 1916-1917 Box 18, Folder 203
|
| |
University Settlement (New York City) |
|
Box 18 |
University Settlement Box 18, Folder 204
Note Comments taken from Notes and Memos
|
| |
University Settlement Box 18, Folder 205
Note Printed Programs
|
|
Box 19 |
University Settlement 1928-1943 Box 19, Folder 206
Note Staff
|
| |
University Settlement, Box 19, Folder 207
Note Council Minutes
|
| |
University Settlement Box 19, Folder 208
Note Finances
|
| |
"A Short History of University Settlement" 1887-1943 Box 19, Folder 209
|
| |
University Settlement, Duplicates of Head Worker
Reports Box 19, Folder 210
|
| |
University Settlement Box 19, Folder 211
|
| |
University Settlement Box 19, Folder 212
|
| |
University Settlement Box 19, Folder 213
Note Blood Bank
|
| |
University Settlement Box 19, Folder 214
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